campbell



t e ou h s e nu h S 0u E. N m L L w MMM P m MT.. DW. AT.. CW .E Am... m1 0 B (No Model.)

Patented May 28, V1889.

INVENTOR:

WlT-NESSESI (No Modem 9 sheets-sheet 2.

A. CAMPBELL. BOTTLE WIRING MACHINE.

No. 404,028. Patented May28, 1889.

I T15'. Z. M I 35 32 g: ;I GIZ." f5

WITNESSES;

Attorney.

(No Modem 9 sheets-#sheen 3.l

A. CAMPBELL.

v BOTTLE WIRING MACHINE. No. 404,028. .Patented May .28,1888l Attorney.

N. PETERSY PhumL'rlhagmpher. washington. D, CA

(No Modem l '9 sheets-sheen 4: l

A. CAMPBELL.

BOTTLI-I1 WIRING MACHINE. No. 404,028. Patented May 28, 1889.

4INVENTORI lay/917m Attorney.

WITNESSES:

Moa@

N. PETERS, Phoirrlilbognphor. Wnshmgton. D.C.

(No Modem 9 sheets-sheet 5.

A. CAMPBELL. BOTTLE WIRING MACHINE. No. 404,028. Patented May 28 1889.

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N, PETERS. mtb-hmm Witwen. D. C

(No Model.) 9 Sheets-Sheet 6..

A. CAMPBELL.

BOTTLE WIRING MACHINE. No. 404,028. Patented May 28, 1889.

N. PETHIS. Pmmumognpher. wasningmn. ILC.

(No Model.) 9 Sheets-Sheet 7. A CAMPBELL BOTTLE WIRING MACHINE.

,028. Patented May 9.8,4 1889.

girar INVENTOR? w uml.

WITN ESS E82 Attorney.

N4 PETERS. Phvwmmgmphar, wuhlngmn. n4 c.

(No Modell.) 9 Sheets-Sheet 8.

A. CAMPBELL. l BOTTLE WIRING MACHINE.

No. 404,028. y Patented May 28, '1889.l

Fi Q'- l5.' l

Ff i515? WITNESSES:

.dttorneg 'N. versus; rhum-ummm'. wmammn c.

(No Modem 9 sheets-sheen 9.

A. CAMPBELL. BOTTLE WIRING MACHINE.

` No. 404,028. l -11m-.ema May 28, 18.89.

INVENTOR.'

WITNESSES: v By @/9/ E ./ltorney.

N4 PETERS, PlwkuLthogl-auf, Washington, U. C,

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

ANDREIV CAMPBELL, OF BROOKLYN, ASSIGNOR, BY MESNE ASSIGNMENTS, TO THE N. B. ABBOTT MACHINE COMPANY, OF NEW YORK, N. Y.

BOTTLE-WIRING MACHINE.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters PatentNo. 404,028, dated May 28, 1889.

Serial No. 286,905. (No model.)

To LEZ whom it may concern.-

Be it known that I, ANDREW CAMPBELL, a

`citizen of the United States, and a resident cork, and the application to the wires of the necessary strand connecting and fastening twists, all automatically and by a series of successive operations.

The wire-retainer applied by this machine comprises a circular band which tightly embraces the neck of the bottle back of .the fillet and three strands that spring from said band at intervals of about one hundred and twenty degrees, pass up over the iillet and cork, and meet at the center of the cork, where they are twisted together to effect the fastening, and then bent. down flat upon the top of the cork. This wireretainer is formed of two pieces of wire, preferablyof kdifferent lengths, in order to economize the material, and these two wires are twisted together at two points to unite them, the two uniting-twists being separated a distance about equal to one-third of the circumference of the bottleneck.

The branches of the shorter Wire are bent from these twists up over the cork, and the branches of the longer wire are passed around the bottle-neck on opposite sides, then twisted together to tightly close the band, and then bent up over the cork. All the strands of wire are then brought together on top of the cork, twisted together, cut off to a uniform length, and finally bent down and embedded in the cork. This machine has a holder or support to receive and clamp the bottle to be wired, and when clamped by the holder it is arranged by preference to lie in a horizontal position. It has also two similar wire feeders and guides, which feeders take two wires from two reels or swifts and feed them down through guides. The wires are fed down unequally, in order that one of the pieces out off from the reel may be longer than the other. They will usually be proportioned in length about as five is to seven, or thereabout. The upper andlower-wire-guides have a longitudinal vertical movement; but at first they stand aligned with-their ends meeting at the level of the bottle-neck and at one side of the same. When the wires have been fed down in them to the proper distance, the wireguides move apart a little-say from one to 6o one and one-fourth inch-and the primary twister, arranged at the side of the bottleneck, twists the two wires together. The guides now move farther apart, so as to eX- pose enough of the wires to form a fastening for the bottle. A horizontally-moving band-placer now passes the branches of the longer piece of wire about the neck of the bottle and crosses them, and a second twister approaches from the opposite side and twists 7o the two branches together, thus uniting the ends of the band' and closing it tightly about the neck of the bottle. The wire band now has three branches or strands projecting out radially and equally spaced. 'A device 75 which I call the crown-twister, and which is axially aligned with the bottle, nonT advances to y a predetermined position, and, striking the end of the cork in the bottle, pushes the latter back longitudinally in its 8o holder, and simultaneously with this movement three forked pushers embracing the neck of the bottle move out and bend the three strands of the wire up over the fillet and into guideways in the crown-twister. Three gathering-fingers carried by the crowntwister now bend in the three'strands over the top of the cork and bunch them at the center, and suitable twisting-jaws, also carried by the crown-twister, grip the bunched '9o wires. The crown -twister now rotates axially, thus twisting all the strands tightly together, forming the final twist, and a cutter cuts the twist to -a uniform or suitable length. The wiring is now completed in substance; but as soon as the final or crown twist is effected and the wires are'cut off the crown-twister is moved laterally, whereby the twist is bent down and embedded in the soft substance of the cork.

Having thus briefly set forth the general purpose, construction, and mode of operation IOO of my machine, I will now describe it more particularly with reference to the accompanying drawings.

The first four figures of the drawings show the wires and the mode of wiring. Figure 0 represents the two bits or pieces of wire both before and after they have been united by the primary twists. Fig. O is a perspective View of the stoppered end of the bottle, showing the wiring over the cork z. Fig. Ob is an end view of the corked and wired bottle, and Fig. 0c represents the wire fastening as it would appear if removed from the bottle. Fig. 1 is a somewhat diagrammatic plan view of the wiring-machine as a whole, the view being designed mainly to indicate the positions of the several shafts, operating-cams, &c. Fig. 2 is a sectional front elevation of the machine as seen from arrow 2 in Fig. l. Figs. 2 and 2b are sectional elevations taken substantially in the same plane, indicated by line 2 2b in Fig. 1, the arrows 2 and 2b in said figure indicating, respectively, the directions from which the views are taken. Figs. l, 2,2, and 2b are on the same scale, and may be considered as about one-ninth of full size, although the machines may vary in size. Figs. 3 to 3o are detached and more or less fragmentary views illustrating the construction of the wire feeding, cutting, and primary twisting devices, (indicated in general by W.) Fig. 3 on Sheet 8 is a sectional view of the upper guides, showing how the wires are led into the same through tubes. Fig. 3 on Sheet 5 is a sectional view of the lower guide, showing the rack-and-pinion device whereby said guides are moved. Fig'. 3b is a sectional view of the wire-feeder, taken in a plane substantially in the' axis of the driving-sliaft and on a large scale. Fig. 3c is a face view of the ratchet device seen in section in Fig. 3b. Fig. 3d is a much enlarged sectional view of a part of the wire-feeding wheels, showing how they grip the wires at their peripheries. Fig. 3e is a much-enlarged sectional view of the differential device connected with the wire-guides. Fig. 3f is a plan view of the primary twister on a large scale. Fig. 3S is a Side view, on a large scale, of the wires at the twisting-point, illustrating the formation of the primary twists. Fig. 3h is an end view, Fig. 3i a side view, and Fig. 3J a sectional view, of the upper wire-guides, showing the wirecutters. Fig. 3k is an end view, Fig. 3l is a side view, and Fig. 3* is a sectional view, of the lower wire-guides, showing the clamps therein. Fig. 3 is a sectional elevation of the primary twister and the mechanism connected therewith. Fig. 3u is a view of the ratchet device connected with the operation of the primary twister. Figs. 4 to 4I are detached views illustrating the band-placer (indicated by X as a whole) and the secondary twister, (indicated by Y as a whole.) Fig. 4 is a sectional side elevation showing the bandplacer in operation. Fig. 4a is a side View of the second twister in its proper position with respect to the band-placer shown in Fig. 4. Fig. 4 s is a detached sectional view on a larger scale than Fig. 4, illustrating means for coupling the operating-lever to the slidebar of the second twister. Fig. 4" is a side view of the band-placer as it appears when retracted. Fig. 4C is an elevation, Fig. 4l a sectional plan, and Fig. 4e an end view, of the jaws of the secondary twister. Figs. 5 to 5g are detached views illustrating the construetion of the crown-twister, (indicated as a Whole by Z.) Fig. 5 is a side elevation of the crowntwister retracted. Fig. 5u is a view of its front end or face-plate. Fig. 5" is a sectional elevation of the twister, taken in the plane of one of the three gathering-slots therein. Fig. 5c is a view showing the lugs inside the easing in which the gatherers are mounted. Fig'. 5d is a transverse section on line 5d in the several longitudinal sectional views. Fig. 5e is a sectional view showing the twisting-jaws in the easing, and Fig. 5f is a similar view showing the cutters. Fig. 5' is a view of one of the cutters detached and on a large scale. Figs. 6 to G are detail views illustrating the holders or supports for the bottle and the pushers, (indicated as a whole by V.) Fig. 6 is a sectional side elevation of the mechanism, showing the parts in their most advanced position. Fig. 6 is a sectional elevation of the clamp for the body of the bottle. Fig. 6" is a. front elevation of the clamp for the neck of the bottle.

a represents, in general, the frame of the machine, which will be of east-iron by preference.

In Fig. l, a represents a recess in the bed of the frame, where the bottle support or carriage is situated, and a represents a recess or well in the center of the bed, where the wiring is performed.

b represents the main driving-shaft, c the driving-pulleys, and d the fly-wheel.

e is a transverselyarranged cam shaft mounted inf theframe a, under the bed of same. This `shaft is driven from shaft b by gears f. This transverse shaft c drives a camshaft, g, through miter-gcars h, and a camshaft, t', at the opposite side of the frame through miter-gearsj. On these three shafts e, g, and t' are fixed the various cams that actuate the several mechanisms that constitute the machine. These cams will be referred to in their proper order.

I have designated the several mechanisms, each as a whole, by a capital letter for convenience of reference.

V designates the mechanism for clamping and supporting the bottle A while it is being wired.

W designates the wire-feeding mechanism and guides and the device connected therewith for effecting the primary twists in the wires.

X designates the band-placer, which applies the wires supplied by the feeder to the neck of the bottle.

IOO

IIO

l rf.

' ,IY designates the second-twister, which closes and completes theband, and Z designates the Acrown-twister,which gathers and" bunches the wires at the center o f the cork,

twists them, cuts them od, and ilattens them down. o

efore proceeding to minutely describe the or support the attendant is guidedby this point on the' bottle, which he places at a suitable gude on the machine. v

The vdiierent mechanisms and the operations they perform will be described-in their .order ofrsuccession.

I will first describe the. wire-feederand Figs, 1,21, and 3 to 3, premising that each wire and y 1s fed by a separate but substantiallyT like device, the two being necessitated by the requirement that one wire,`0c, shall-be longer thanthe other, y. The wires are fed 4from 4reels or swifts (seen at le in lig. 2) by feedwheels which grip the wire between their peripheries. v Each wire is fed by two pairs of whee1s,`which grip it at diderent points, vone 'wheel of each pair bein g-driven from a toothed rack, and this wheel driving its mate through the vmedium of intermeshing `teeth o'n their respective peripheries.

1 and 2 are the upper and lower. driven feed-wheels for the wire y, and '1a and 2" are their mates, held up to their respective wheels 1 and 2 by 'a spring,3. Fig. 3d is an enlarged fragmentary sectional view showing 'how the wheels grip on the wires, a tongue on one wheel entering a groove in its mate. The wheels 1 and 2 are positively drivcn,as illustrailed in F-gs. 3" and 3c. 0n a cross-shaft, 4, is fixed atoothedwheel, 5, with which gears a vertically-sliding rack, G, secured to a rackbar, 7. On the opposite end of the shaft 4 is iixed aboli-wheel, 8, in which is hung a spring paw] or pawls, 9,which engage a ratchet-wheel,

d .10, fixed in a sleeve, 11, on the shaft 4. Se-

cured on'this sleeve 11 is a toothedwheel, 12, which gears with two toothed wheels, 13 and 13, forming, respectively, part-s of the feed- 'wheels land 2. Downward movement of the rack 6` feeds the wire y downward; but the upward movement of therack does not afpawls t) riding over the teeth ot ratchet-wheel 10. .This ratcheting of the sleeve 11 to the shaft 4` is a. well-known device and will need vno further description. 'The other longer lower driven feed-wheels, 1' and 2', their mates primary twister, with especial reference tol `feet the yvheels 1 and 2 by reasonfof' the `spring 19 is placed a loose .11" and 2' held up by a spring, 3', atoothed wheel, 12', on the sleeve 11 gearing with toothed wheels 13' and 13 on the wheels 1' tween these two Wire-feeders is this: The pro- -and 2', respectively. The only difference bel portions between the wheels 12, 13, and 13'is y, when fed down, pass longitudinally through two slender iixed guide-tubes, 14"; I(which keep them straight,) into two vertically-sliding upper guides, 14 and 14', one wire through each guide. These guides are in the nature of bars, and they play in suitable slide-bearings in the machine-frame a. These guides are actuated by a cam, as will be set forth hereinafter.- The lower ends of the upper guides, 14 14', stand,fwhen lat their lowest points, on a level with axis of the bottle, A

which is to be wired, and in the end of each guide is mounted a wire-cutten/ Figs. 3, 3i, and 3j represent these wire-cutters, (which are alike,) and also the general construction of the ends of the guides in a large scale. In the end of guide 14' is mounted a cutter-slide, 15, of steel, in which is a hole for the passage ot' wire y, aligned with the passage for the wire in the guide. lThis slide is held in its normal position by a spring, 16, on the guide.

The opposite end ot the slide projects laterally from the bar, and when pressure is applied to this projecting end the spring 1G yields, the slide moves longitudinally, and the wire is sheared oit. The guide 14' has a' like cutter to sever the wire This comprises a slide, 15', and its spring 1G'.

Aligned with the upper guides, 14 14', are lower guides, 17 17', also arranged to be moved up and down longitudinally. The upper ends of these lower guides, 17 17', register with and stand in Contact, respectively, with the ends ot the guides 14 14v when the former-are at their greatest elevation and the latter at their lowest point: When the wires and y are fed from ythe upper into the lower guides, the middle points of the pieces/of wire to be cut off will stand at the meeting-points of the two sets ot guides, and this pointwil1be,as stated, at the level ot the axis of the bottle A. These lower guides, 17` 17', are provided with like brakes to bind on the respective wires under certain conditions, and these brakes are illusloo IIO

trated in Figs. 31231, and 3'", which represent l on a large scale the construction of the ends' of the guides. f

At the inlet for wire y into guide 17 is placeda brake-jaw, 18. This jaw is adapted to bear on the wire, and is attached .to the free end of a strong spring, 19, secured to guide 17.

This spring tends' to keepcthe brake-jaw constantly pressed onv the wire; but under the pin, 20, the oppof site end of which stands in a longitudinal groove, 2l, in the adjacent face of theV other guide, 17 5v' but in this groove is a slight ele.- i

AIo

vation, 22, which, when the ends of the guides 17 17 are even or flush, stands under said pin 20, and acts as a cam to press backth'e spring 19 and relieve the brake, so that the wire may move freely through the guides. To set the brake on the wire, it is only necessaryI to move one guide longitudinally with respect.

wire-guides to be brought into contact;` Thef rack-bar 7 is drawn down by a cam,.7', and the wires are fed down by their feed-wheels until one-half of the lengths to be hut off is progccted down into the lower guides, 17 17. There willnow b e, say, two and one-half inches of thewire y ,and threeand one-half inches of' the wire in the lower guides. The feed of the wires is now arrestedand the upper and'.

lower guides move apart, the former upward and lthe latter downward, theg wires standing stationary. When the guides shallhave separated a predetermined distance-say one and one-eighth'inch-the members of the pairs of guides, which have moved thus far side by side at lthe same speed, will begin to move at different rates of speed, the upper guide, 14, and lower Guide, 17, for the wire y moving slower than the guides 14 and 17 AJfor vthe wire I will now describe the devices by which the wires are fed, the guides moved, and the differential movements of the two elements of each pair of guides are eected, premising that the upper guides, 14 14', have precisely the same devices for this purpose as the lower guides, 17 17', and that the movement imparted to one member of each pair is communicated by that member to the other, either decreased or diminished, as the-case may be.

In the present case it will be increased.

I have herein represented thev guides for the shorter wire, y, as the drivers; but this is not material.

23 is a slide-rod mounted in the machineframe a. and standing parallel with the guides for the wire. This rod is connected by a bracket, 24, with the upper guide, 14, and by a bracket, 25, with a connecting-rod, 26. The

other end of this rod 26 is connected by an adjustable slotted coupling with a lever, 27,

fulcrumed in the machine-frame,l the other end of said arm carrying a roller that rests 'on' the wire-guidc-operating cam 28.

The rack-bar 7, which effects the feed of the wires, stands `parallel with the guides,v

and is actuated by cam 7 through a connecting-rod, 26', and a lever, 27', in the same manner that the wire-guides are operated. The

pinions 33 33' y lower guide, 17,'has on it a ra'ek,l29, (see which gearswith a toothed wheel, 30,`

3a) mounted in thefmachine-frame, and this wheel 30 gears on its opposite side with a rack, 31,

which plays endwise in guides in the machineframe, 'and is connected at its upper end with the yoke 25. Thus the-lower guide, '17,his

caused tovmove at the samerate of speed as the upper guide, 14, but` ill-'an -opposite direction. As only one vof each' pairof guides is.

the followihgdescribed moved by the cam,

.deviceis employed to impart a differential movement:

4On the upper guides ismounted a pinionframe, 32, (see Figs. 2 a'nd-A 3,) in which are rotatively ,mounted two connected pinionsv33 and'33, whichhave different diameters. The

llesser pinion 33 meshes with a rack, 34,011

thegu'ide 14, and the larger pinion 33 meshes with-a rack, v34,on the guide 14.

Thus the movement of theguide 14 willixnpartto guide I 14' a movement in the same direction; but the g Y extent of movement of lguide' .14 will be greater than Athat of guide 14. 'lo enable guide 14 to actute guide'14in'this manner, however, it will :be nessary'toprevent the frame 32 and its -pinions'from moving with effect by construct-I the wire-guides, and thisI I ing theffragne a of the machiney to. embrace and house said trame 32, asl/,een in'Figs'. 2 I

and 3. 'I leave room, however, for alittle play of said frame 32 in the housing 'inclosing it, as seen at 35 inFig. 2, and provide the with some suitable fedonal device-as, for example, a Asoft washer,36,y

(seen in has been stated, the upper and lower guides had moved apartabout one and one-eighthl Fig. 3)-to enable the frame 32 to' move with the guides 14 14, as farne the space at 35 will ermit. The vreason for this I will now explain, reverting to th e descrip- Y tion of the operation of the feed', whereas` IIC til the further `movements of the pinionframes are arrested. After that the differential movement begins. When the upper and lower y guides shall have separated to the extent of about'one and one eighth inch, as statedand theirr movement has been arrested, the primary uniting-twists are effected between their ends, and when this is done it is desirable that the guidesl of each pair shall stand with their ends even, in order to afford a lbetter abutment or shoulder when thetwist is made, and also in rder that the same length of each wire may beexposed. The two primary uniting-twists are seen at 37 '37. in' Fig. 3, whereintheguides are shown as separated to the proper extent, and the twists completed by the primary twister.

It' will be understood that when they upper .in the lower guides.

and lower guides' move apart the wires a: arid y will be exposed, that they will stand pare allel and about oneffourth of an inch apart,

vand that they will be clamped above by the feed-wheels and be free. or

loose in the brakesI l will now describe the primary twister and its operation, with especial reference to Figs.I

in such a manner as to embrace the lower.

guides17 17','concentrically is a sleeve-like shaft, 38, onwhich is formed a pinion, 39, which is driven by a raok,"40,. tuatedat the proper time by a cam, 40', in ch a manner as toimpart two revolutions (or more, if desired) tothe shaft 38. This shaft carries at its upper end 'an elbow-lever, 41, on the upright arm of which is secured a pair of twisting-blades, 42. These blades standopposite the point where the upper and, lower guides meet, and are normally drawn back by the downward pressure on thehorizontal arm of lever 41 of one end of a lever, 43, pivoted on the machine-frame and actuated by a cam, 43. At the `moment` the upper and lower guides move apart, a-sabove described, the cam which actuates the lever 43 lifts said lever olf from thearm of the velbow-lever 41', and a spring, 44, acts on the latter anddrives theblades 42 forward over the wires a; andy, so as to embrace-them. At this moment the driving-rack 40 imparts two 'revolutions to the shaft 38;.and the blades 42 arethus carfied around concentrically with the wires and impart the primary uniting-twists thereto, as

seen' in Fig. 3g. hjlhe lever 43 now again de-` noeuds, and by ,pressing on the short arm of the elbow-lever 41 retracts the twisting-blades and frees them from the wires. The' cam 28 aow sets the upper and lower wire-guides, 14 i4 17 17', in motion again, and they move part until the proper lengths of the wires and y are exposed-say seven inches of ,wire :c and five inches of wire y-.when said guides are again arrested for a-moment. During this movement the brake-jawsin the lower guides, which are now set, slide overvthewires and Keep them taut, and' enough of the ends of these wires will remain in the lower guides or the brake-jaws to clamp lupon. As the upper guides, 14 14', move upward, the projecting ends of the cutter-slides 15 15' pass, respectively,under pendent arms of elbow- )evers 45-and-45', the other. arms of .which are coupled to rods 45", whereby cams 15" are made to actuate said levers at the proper times and through them thek cutter-slides' wherewith the wires and 'yare severed. Before the wires. are out oii by the device last described the device X, which applies the wires to the neck of the bottle, and which l call the band-placer, comes into-operation. This device is Villustrated in Figs.- 4 and 4a.

The axes of thewires'are at right angles to the axis of the bottle, A, being wired, and they Standwhen taut at one side oi the bottle-neck,

distant, preferably, about two inches from the axis of the bottle-.that is to say, at such a Vdistancethat when pushed laterally over against the bottleneck the wires will have an' inclination of about sixty degrees.

The band-placer is seen at the left injiig.

4 and is indicated as a whole by the letter-X. Its function is to push theunited wires a: 'and y over ,to and about the neck of'thenb'ottle. v

- It comprises acarriage or frame, 46, mounted to slide in horizontal guides in the machineframe, and it is actuated 'by'a cam, 47, and

'lever 48. In this frame46 is mounted a sliderod, 49, bearing on its end two like 'and con'- nected forked` ngers,f350 50. It is 'provided with afspriiig, 51. 'In-.ithe frame 46 are also mounteatwonkefofkd fingers@ 52.. 'rhesefs s latter ngersare in the nature of levers. They are pivoted, respectively, in the outer ends of two short levers, 53 5 3, which latter have their fulcrums on the carriage 46 and their inner ends arranged in the path of an adjustable shoulder, 49', on the rod 49. Be`

ntween the tails of' the lever-fingers 52 is ar- .ranged an eiqianding-spring, 53', which tends toA move the operating ends of said fingers inwardior toward each other. y

Fig. 4 represents the band-placer'X in its advanced position,and Fig. 4 represents fit drawn back or retracted. It operates as follows:v At' the proper moment the band-placer advancestoward the wires a: and y a'ndthe-,z fI4 4roo forked ends ot'y the protrnded fingers 50 engage the branches ofthe wire a: just beyond or exterior tothe primary ,unitipg-twists 37. g

The `further' movement of the band-placer.

causes the lingers 50 to apply the wiresto the side of the bottlefn'eck, when th further forward movement of the' rod 49 an said lingers` 50 will be arrested but compression of the spring 51 will permit the other parts to move on. The forked ends of -ngers 52 will also engage thev branches of wire and 'at this moment said wirewill besevered at the'end bottle-neel; to form the band, the spring 53'.v keeping said 'fingers pressed up to the. bottle."` When the forked ends of the fingers Shall haver-cached and passed the axial line ofA the bottle-neck, the shoulder or collar; 49', on the slide-rod 49 will oppose itself to the further advance of the inner ends of the two short of the upper'guide,14'. As the fingers 5,2 ad- Vance they push the branches of wire ,which are now free, around the opposite sides of the I I 5' levers 53; but the fulcrums of said levers will advance with the frame or carriage 46, Aand this will cause-their outer ends'to throlwfio'r- 5 the end of guide 14,'and the band-placer X will stand in its advanced position for a moi Awire y will now be severed by the cutter in Y ment until the secondary twister Y has time to advance and seize the crossed bran ches of wire I may say here that the two sets of fingers 50 and 52 stand in the saine verticalplane with wire and both sets engage this wire with'their forked ends. The wire y will be carried to the bottle.- neck by wire .r. In order to insure the branches of wire :13 crossing properlywithout collision, the forks in the twor fingers 52 are given slight and opposite bevels sufficient to direct the two branches of the wire into slightly different planes.

The secondary twister, which seizes and twists together the two branches of wire, zr, is illustrated in Fig. 41. It comprises a carriage Y or frame, 55, mounted to slide on the frame of frame.'

the machine and adapted to be actuated by a cam, 56, and lever 57.4 In the frame 55 is rotatively mounted a tubular shaft, 5S, on `ivliich is fixed a long pinion, 58', which gears with a toothed wheel, 59, mounted in the main Rotation of wheel 59 is effected by a cam,59, through a lever,55, and a rack, 55". The long pinion enables the wheel 59 to keep in gear with the pinion in all positions of the frame 55. On the end of the shaft 58 that is directed toward the bottle are mount-ed two twistingjaws, G0 and GO', adapted to be opened and closed. These are seen detached and. on a large scale in Figsli", 4, and 4c, which also illustrate how they seize the crossed branches of wire fr. Each jaw has a long tooth or prong, and these are so arranged that when the jaws come together the wires will be embraced on all sides at their crossingpoint and firmly held, as shown. O11 the jaw G0, or on eitheri jaw, is a tooth which enters between the branches o'f the wires beyond the crossingpoint. c This tooth keeps the wires separated and properly effects the twist. When the jaws of 'the twister shall have advanced to the proper position to seize the wires, the jaws are closed on the latter by a device illustrated in Fig. 4, and which I will 63 63', mounted in the ends, respectively, of-

two arms or branches from the rod (il, which varms pass through and playin slots in the The rollers G3 respective jaws 60 and (30. 63 roll on the inclined outer faces of the jaws. The operating slide-rod 'til is moved longitudinally by a cannl, and forked lever (S-i,the branches of which engage trunnions (i5 on a ring, G6, said ring embracing a circumferentially-grooved slide ring or sleeve, f7,on the shaftl55. 'lhis sleeve is pinned to the slide-rod 61, and the pin plays inl a slot in the A tubularshaft 58. This construction isthe sanieas that of the wellnown pencil-slide.

cam 5G begins to draw back the carriagel 55. The effect of this arrangement is that two tight band-closing twists are first made and the wires are then more loosely twisted together. The movement of the carriage 55 is sufficient to cause the jaws of the twister to pass oit vfrom the wire and leave it free. As soon as this secondary twist is formed and the three strands of thcfastening-wire arey left standing out radially from the band about lthe neck of the bottle,the device that pushes these up over the fillet on the bottle co|nes,9o

into action; notched or forked arms connected with the neck-clamp. Before proceeding to describe this operation I will describe more minutely the bottle-supports andv the operating nicchani'sni connected therewith, with especial reference to Figs. 6, fi, and G". The bottle A is supported at two points-4 namely, at the body and at the neck. In the recess a in the bed of the machine-frame a is mounted to slide in guides a carriage, 100, which is adj ustably connected to a slide-rod, 101, by a suitable screw-clamp, 102, whereby said carriage may be set at different points along said rod. The slide-rod 101 plays in bearings in the machine-frame a, and an irregular reciprocating endwisc movement is imparted to it from a barrel-cani, 103, through a vibrating lever, 10i, which is coupled at its upper end to said rod 101 by a connecting-rod, 105. Mounted pivotally on the carriage are two lateralaws, 10G 10G', which embrace .the bottle A at its sides and clampit frictionally, and mounted also in said carriage is a supporting sliding. jaw, 106, The bottle rests on the upper endiof this latter jaw.

The mechanism for actuating these three clamping-jaws comprises a gear-wheel, 107', rotatively mounted on the carriage 100, to which wheel the lower ends or tails of the jaws 106 10G are coupled, respectively, by links 10S and 10S. the face of wheel 107, and are connected thereto by wrist-pins 109. On the outer'ends of the pins 109 is fixed a disk, |10, which is,.

through these pins, rigidly connected with the wheel 107, and to a wrist-pin, 101),011 this disk 110 is coupled the jaw 10G through the medium of a link,^108. 'lihe three jaws are simultaneously set on the bottle by partial rotation of the wheel 107. About the shaft 10T ol' thiswheel scoilcd a stout spring, l l1,

one end of which is secured to the shaft-bearing and the othcc to a collar fixed on shaft.

This device consists of ithree- IOO IIO

These links extend across 107. This spring sets the jaws strongly on the bottle. The shaft 107 is rotated in the opposite direction by a long pinion, 112, rotatively mounted in the machine-frame and in gear with the wheel 107. `The pinion 112 is actuated by a cam 113 through the medium of an elbow-lever, 114, and a segment-rack, 115, which gears with the pinion.

The neck-clamp which supports the bottle is constructed as follows: 116 is a carriage similar to carriage 100 and mounted in a continuation of the sam'e guides or keepers-with the latter. It has a pendentlug, 116, through which plays the slide-rod 101. On this rod 101 are two collars, 117 117', one on each side of the lug 116. Thus the rod is 'permitted to play a distance equal to that between said collars without moving the carriagell; but a further movement in either direction causes both of the carriages 100 and 116 to move together. The bottle-neck is clamped by three like sliding jaws, 11S, arranged to play in guides in a part ofthe carriage 116, and these jaws are actuated simultaneously by a series of knuckle-levers, 119. The lower one of these levers has a pendent arm, 119', which is coupled to a pin in a transversely arran ged slide-rod, 120, mounted in bearings in the carriage 116. A spring, 121, on the rod 120 sets the jaws 118 on the neck of the bottle. The jaws of the neck-clamp are opened, so as to release the bottle, bythe same cam and intermediate mechanism that are employed to open the jaws that clasp the body of the bottle. On the end of the shaft 112 of the long pinion 112 is a crank, 112", and when the carriage 116 is drawn back a pin, 120', in the rod 120 is by this movement placed in position to be caught by the wrist-pin of crank 112 when shaft 112 rotates, and this serves to move rod 120 endwise, so as to compress spring 121 and open the jaws of the neckclamp.

Before describing the movements of the carriages and clamps I will describe the pushers heretofore referred to, and which are borne by the jaws of the neck-clamp.

On each jaw 118 is pivotally mounted a pusher, 122, which projects toward the corked mouth of the bottle and is kept pressed up to the neck of the same by a spring, 122. Each pusher has a fork and groove at its end, and

each is arranged to stand in such a position with respect to the three radially-projecting strands of wire that when the pushers are moved up toward the mouth end of the bottle the forks in their ends will engage each its particular wire and carry it up over the fillet.

Fig. 6 shows the bottle holders or clamps and these pushers 122 in their most advanced position. When drawn back to their normal position, the clamps are open and the bottle is placed therein by the attendant. In placing the bottle in the holder the attendant is guided by a forked springsupported guide, 123, mounted on the carriage 116, just in front of the neck-clamp. I-Ie sees that the bottle is so situated in the clamps that this guide stands just at the shoulder of the fillet, at the point where the wire band is to be placed. The cam 113 now passes and allows the springs 111 and 121 to set their respective clamps on'the body and neck of the bottle, and cam 103 moves the carriage 100 forward or inward, carrying the bottles with it and pushing its neck through the neck-clamp, which does not grasp the bottle very tightly. This neck-clamp is merely designed to steady and center the bottle and not to grip it tightly. This movement continues until the collar 117 on rod 101 reaches the lug 116 on the carriage 116, which latter has not been moved. This movement of the bottle brings the shoulder of the fillet to the proper position for the band-placer X to properly place the wire band about the bottle-neck. The forked end of the pushers 122 will now stand a little way back of the point where the band is to encircle the neck. The carriages 100 and 116 now remain stationary until the band is applied, and while the second twister, Y, is operating the cam 103 again sets these carriages in motion, moving them inward together. During this movement of the bott-le and carriages, however, a device which I call the crowntwister, and which is designated as a whole by the letter Z, comes into action and moves in from the opposite direction. -The aXis of this crown-twister is aligned with that of the bottle, and its advancing face moves up to a IOO fixed point regardless of the bottle-that is to say, if the outer end of the cork in the bottle projects from the bottle-carrier beyond a predetermined minimum distance (as it generally will) then the face of the crown-twister will strike the end of the cork and push the bottle back in the clamps. The carriages and clamps will, however, continue to advance. The forks in the ends of the pushers 122 will engage their respective wires and push them up over the llet. When the pushers and the crown-twister cease to move toward each other, the advanced ends of the pushers will stand close to the face of the crown-twister, as seen in Fig. 6.

Before proceeding with thedescription of the crown-twister and its functions it will be advantageous to explain that bottles of the' kind that require wiring are not' uniform, those of like capacity varying considerably in their dimensions,and particularly in the distance from the shoulder of the fillet,where the wire band is to be placed, to the end of thuceork. To adapt the machine to this variability in the bottles, I so construct it that the two points where the work is to be donenamely, the making and applying of the wire band and the gathering and twisting of the wires on the top of the cork-shall be closer together than the distance from the band to the top of the cork in the smallest bottle wired. This necessitates in the case ofthe larger bottles .that they shall IIO IIS

feet the crown -twistl properly the crowntwister, after it has moved up to its most advanced position and pushed back the bottle, at once withdraws a little, so as to leave a space of, say, one-eighth of an inch between its face and the end of the cork.

The function of the cro\v11t\`vister is to gather the three strands of the wire over the cork and bunch them, to twist them together, to cut off the twist to a uniform length, and, finally, to bend it over and flatten it down on the cork. It is illustrated in detail in Figs. 5 to 5t, and reference to these figures may be had in connection with the following detailed description.

In suitable bearings, 68, on the frame a is mounted a bar, 69, which is capable of rotation and endwise movement in its bearings. Suspended from this bar by bearing-brackets is a tubular sha-ft, 7l. The shaft 7l is rotatively mounted in its brackets and bears on one end a casing or box, 7 3, which is preferably cylindrical and which contains the operative mechanism. This casing is fixed to the shaft and is provided with suitable lugs interiorly to form bearings for the moving parts.

The face-plate 73 of the easing 73 (seen in Fig. n) has formed in it three equally-spaced radial slots, 7l, which meetin the center of the plate and are flared at their outer ends.

These slots are arranged. to receive, respect` ively, the three strands of wire when the latter are bent up by the pushers so as to stand parallel with the axes of the bottle and the crown-twister. As the crown-twister moves up, its face-plate strikes and pushes back the bottle simultaneously with the bending up of the wires and their engagement with the slots 7 4. The wires now stand in their respective slots and are within the casing 73.

In suitable lugs on the inside of the casing 73 are pivoted three gatherers, 75, for the respective wires. These gatherers are situated so as to play in their respective slots 74, and their heads or free ends are adapted to gather in the wires over the cork and bunch them together at the center of same. The gatherers are actuated simultaneously by mechanism that will now be described.

In the tubular shaft 7l is mounted a slidebar, 7 (i, on the inner projecting end of which is a cylindrical rack, 7 ti the teeth of which gear with segment-racks on the pivoted ends of all the gatherers 75. Movement of bar 7G in one direction throws the gatherers outward and movement in the opposite direction throws them inward. The slide-bar 7G projects out through the end of the tubular shaft 7l, and it is actuated to effect the `gathering by a cam, 77, and lever 7 7 rlhese gatherers are not designed to grip the wires tightly, but to close up the slots and embrace the gathered wires. Then the wires have been bunched by the gatherers 7 5 at the center of the cork, they are seized by two twisting-jaws, 78 78, mounted to play radially in guides on the inner face of the face-plate 73. These jaws are actuated simultaneously by two like levers, 7 9 7 f), fulcrumed in lugs on the casing 73. The outer ends of these levers are connected by links to a sleeve, 80, that slides on the tubular shaft 71, and this sleeve is connected by a pin to a tubular slide-bar, 81, ar-

ranged inside of the shaft 7l and embracing the slide-bar 7G. The connecting-pin plays in a slot in the shaft 7l. The tubular bar 8l is moved end wise to cause the jaws to clamp the wires by a cam, 82, and a forked lever, 82', the forks on the lever being coupled to a ring on a pencil-slide, 83, on the shaft 7l, connected by a pin with the bar 8l, said pin playing in a slot in the shaft 7l. This pencil-slide is in itself a well-known device, and will need no more minute description. Vhen the jaws 78 have been made to firmly grip the wires, rotation is imparted to the shaft 7l and casing 73 through the medium of a long pinion, 84, on said shaft and a toothed wheel or sector, 85, gearing therewith. This wheel 85 derives its motion from cam 85. The effect of this is to twist the wires together and draw them down tightly into the soft material of the cork. Two or three turns will sufice to effect the twist. The twist is now cut off by two cutters, 8G 86, mounted to play radially, like the jaws 78, in guides on the inner face of the face-plate 73. These cutters are actuated simultaneously by two like levers, 87 87, fulcrumed in lugs on the casing 73. The outer ends of these levers are connected by links with a sleeve, 88, that slides 011 the tubular shaft 71, and this sleeve is connected by a pin with the tubular slide-bar 8l, the said pin playing in a slot in shaft 7l. The cutters 86 are thus actuated in precisely the same manner as the jaws 78 and from the same slidebar, 81; but the endwise movement of said bar that actuates the cutters is in the opposite direetion from that which actuates the jaws. I will explain how this is effected. A spring, 89, acts on the sleeve in a manner to retract the twisting-jaws 78, and a spring, 90, acts on the sleeve 88 in a manner to retract the cutters 86. The pins which connect the sleeves 80 and 88 with the tubular slide-bar 8l play in a slotin the main shaft 7l, in order to allow said sleeves to move along said shaft;

IOO

IIO

but said pins also play each in a slot in its sleeve. The object of this construction is to allow the slide-bar 81 to move outward, carrying the sleeve 80, until the jaws 78 are set on the wires without disturbing the sleeve 88. During this movement the pin slides in the slot in sleeve 88. Then the slide-bar 81 begins its return movement inward, the spring 8f) is allowed to drive sleeve 8O back and retract the jaws 78, and when said bar reaches the middle of its stroke the pin in sleeve 88 will have reached the end of the slot therein and the sleeve 80 will have been retracted. In the last half of its inward movement the bar 8l will move the sleeve 88 inward and cause the cutters to close on and sever the twist of wire. f The bar 8l now moves out to its middle position, (seen in Fig. 52) thus per- "mitting spring 90 to retract sleeve 88 and the culters 86. The twist is now embraced by the gatherers only, which remain closed. The next and iinal operation is that'which iiattens-down .the twist on thecork, and this is effected by a lateral swinging movement of the crown-twister Z by the oscillation of the bar 69 in its bearings 68. This movement, which will not usually exceed half an inch in extent, is effected by an arm, 91, fixed qto said bar 69 and coupled by a connecting-rod, 92,

with a lever, 93, which bears a roller actuated by a cam, 94. The endwise movements of the casing-7 3 and its shaft 71 are effected by a cam, 92', and an elbow-lever, 72. The gatherers are retracted by a spring, 7 6, arrangedin'th`e end ofA shaft 7l, beyond the end of slide-bar 81. r against ay collar on the slide-bar 7 6 and at its other end- -against an internal shoulder onshaft 71. The swinging movement of the casing 73 is not sufficient to interfere with the termittent rotary motion of, the pinion 39, I`

engagement of the pinion 84 'with-itsdriver 8.5.-'

Owing to lackof space forthe rotation of the -primary twister 42 when retracted, this twister does not rotate backward after having made the primary t'wists. To change the reciprocating 'motion impartedby the cam to in- 4 gears with a pinion, 12G,mounted on the pleted and durin'gthe retraction of the rack' same stud or shaft with atoothed wheel,127, and ratcheted with the latter. The -wheel 127 gears with the pinion 39. For "convenience in actuating the rack 40 from a cam I proportion the parts as follows: The wheel 127, in making two-thirds of a revolutioxnimparts two revolutions tothe pinion 39. The pinion'126'may have'the saine diameter as the pinion 39. The ratchet on the pinion 126 has but three teeth, and` a pawl on'the wheel 127 engages these teeth!l Three teeth will suffice if equally spaced. To hold the twister-blades 42 stationary after the twists have been com-- y4O,.the lever 43 is provided with a keepernotch at the end,wliich bears'on and depresses the arm of elbow-lever 41, whereby when the lever 43 descends 'on the said arm and retracts the twister-blades the pinion. 39 is'held against rotation.

In order to keep the wires from buckling asA they are fed down to the upper guides, I

employ the device best illustrated in Fig'. 3,-

The spring abuts at one end This device lzwill new de:A

the boxes in theupper ends .of their respecte".

live guides A14 14. Inthe movements of the' Y.

guides up and down they play over the tubes 7' o 14, but never 'entirely separate therefrom.

`I have not deemed it necessary to give the i forms and sizes of the various cams'employed to impart motion to the several `inechanisms, 4 as this is a matter within the lm .owledgeofzvS any .workman skilled in the tnor lave'l shown all of the various springs employed to. retract the parts after they: have-been'comi pelled by the cams todo their work. Asan eXampleof the retractinglsprings employed, 8o

128 represents (see Fig.` `2.) the spring em ployed for retractng the Wire-guides'14 145- 7 17 land its guide-rod, andl29 isthe spring 'g Crum-bearings on the main frame below the" bed. The two levers 57 and 64, which act, re-

spectively, to feed forward the secondary twister vand tov open-'and' lose the Ajaws' ofi;

or retracting the rack-bar 7. The various if cam-levers will be provided with suitable ful? 85 same, are actuated by separate camsdand;

64'; but they are provided (see Fig. 2b) with. a common retracting-spring, 56'., arranged between them and attached at its ends to each' lever, respectively.v

, The machine 1s adapted for adjustment to Q9; suit bottles of .different sizes.4 `For example! the cam-lever 27 is vconnectedby a curved slot with the rod or link 26,' as seen' in Fig:

This enables the movement of thewiregu'ides -to be .lvariedlin extent Vfrom a fixed point(4 The stem carrying the twister-blades 42 is made readily detachable fromthe elbow-lever 41, in order thatwider blades may ployed for larger bott-les.

In the band-placer X the l'adj ustable `der`49 on the rod 49 has three faces, either of. 1

which may be turnedeso as to strike theftails of the short levers 53. `vto enable the fingers 52 to cross the branches of the'` 'wirex at approximately the same point 'on bottles having necks of dierent slzes. In describing the operations of the machine l have referred .to one'operation vas succeeding another; but in. practice the cams lwill be so-set that one operation overlaps another, so

The object of .this is .A

IIO

that no time will belost. vFor example, the

wire-feeders and primary twister will be in operation feeding down and uniting two wires to form a band for the' next bottle while the last-made band isbeing applied to the bottle in the machine. I

l mayv say that the machine will'be provided with an automatic device for stopping it at the close of each wiring operation, and the attendant will start it again after he shall have removed the wired bottle and replaced it by'a new one. .This device, however, forms no part of the machine proper.

Below Fig. 4 will be seen a supplementary sectional view illustrating the preferred Inode of coupling the lever-6,4 to the slide-bar 61, that actuates the jaws of the secondary twister Y. To prevent the jaws of said twister from i permit the guides to carry the fralne'and pin-Y l ions a limited dlstance, substantiallyas set forth'.

13. The combination, with the Wire-feeding wheels 1 1 'provided with gears 1,3 13,'re.

spectively, said gears having different diameters, of the rack 6, thewheel 5, gearing there? with, the shaft 4, thev wheel 8' on` said shaft,

the carriage,` the said short levers having their e v tails arrangedin the path of the shoulder 49',

a spring arranged between the tails of the fingers 52, and the retracting-spriu gs 54 54, all arranged to operate substantially as set forth.

15. The combination, with the wire-guides and the primary twister which formthe wire band, the axis of said guidesbeing at right angles to lthe axis of the .bottle `in the machine, of clamps for holding the bottle while it is being wired,l the .band-placer X, adapted to place the formed band about the bottleneck, and a secondary twister larranged oppositethe band-placer, which closes the band about the. bottle-neck, 'substantially7 as set forth.

16. A twisterfor closing the band, consisting of a rotating tubular shaft, 58, two jaws, and 60', hinged to the end of said shaftand provided with teeth, as described, to embrace the wires, and one of said jaws provided with a tooth which takes between the wires, the slide-rod 6l in shaft 58, and the de' vice attached to rod 61 for actuating said jaws, said device comprising a spreader between the jaws, and rollers' or blocks 63 63'.

bearing on the exteri'or faces of the respectl' ive jaws and connected to said slide-rod, substantially as set forth. y

17. In a bottle-wiring machine, a support and holder for the bottle, consisting of a reciprocating slide mounted on themachineframe, a bearing -clamp which embraces the body of the bottle elastically, and a recip-A 1Arocating carriage mounted in the machi eframe and bearinga clamp that embraces he bottle-neck elastically, said carriages beingl capable of movement to a limited extent independent of each other, whereby the bottleneck is moved through the neck-clamp by the body-clamp, as and for the purposes set forth.

1 8. The combination, with the reciprocating carriage 100, of the' reciprocating carriage 1 16,

the rod 101, secured to the carriage 100, provided with collars 117 and 117 and playingneck of the bottle, consisting of a reciprocat- Y through a.v lug on the carriage 116, said-lug being arranged betweenv said collars, the spring-actuated clamp mounted on 'carriage `100,.and the spring-actuated clamp for the bottle-neck mounted on the carriage'l-l, substantially as set forth. Y

l 19. The combination, with the carriage V100,

of the lateral jaws'106 106,,pivoted thereon, the sliding jaw 106", the shaft 107', the wheel 107, fixed thereon, the linksl 1,08 108', coupled vat one' "end to the respective jaws 106106' and` at the other end to Vthe=wheel107, the

disk 110, carried by the -wheel 107, the link 108", coupling the jaw106" to said disk, and the spring 111, which sets the jaws -of the clamp, substantially as set forth.

i 20. The combination,with the 4carriage 116,

lthe jaws 118, mounted thereon, the connected knuckle-levers which actuatesaid vjaws simultan'eously, the arm. 119', connected with one 0f said levers and coupled to the rod 120, the said rod, and the spring 121 thereon, which closes said jaws, substantially ,as set forth.

A21. The combination, with the carriage 100,

the jaws of the clamp thereon,the gear-wheel .107, the links connecting said wheel wift-h the jaws,'the spring that closes the jaws, and the mechanism which opens'the jawsconsisting of the long pinion 112, rotatively mounted in the frame and gearing withwheel 107, the segmentfrackgearing wit-h said pinion, the lever 114, and the operating-cam, substantially as set forth. v 22. The combinatiomwithlthe cam 113,the.

lever 114, the rack 115, the long pinion 112, gearingV with said rack, its shaft 112', provided with a crank, 112", the carriage 116, the jaws of the neck-clamp mounted therein and theirknuckle-levers, thek slide-rod 120, coupled to the knuckle-levers and provided with a pin, 120', and the spring on rod 120, whereby, when the carriage 116 is drawn back, the pin 120' may be engagedv by crank 112 for re- .'leasing thel clamp, as set forth.

23. In a ybottle-wiring machine, the combination, with a clamp, that holds the bottle and a movable carriage on which said clamp is mounted, of pushers' on said carriagev elas;

chine, of a movable holder for the bottle, carrying forked pushers to engage the radial branches or strands of wire, said pushers IOO IIO

elastically embracing thebottle-neck, and the movable crown or crown-twister serving as an abutment to stop the movement of the bottle while the said pushers are in action, as set forth.

25. The combination, with the carriage 116 and the neck-clamp mounted thereon, of the pushers 122, hinged to the jaws of the neckclamp and provided with suitable springs, 122', substantially as set forth. v

26; The combination,with the carriage 116,

IIS ticall'y embracing the neck of the bottle, said 

